最近项目空闲下来,手头也没有什么事情,所以研究了一下jQuery对后台返回数据格式的处理。可能也是因为之前用JS写code的习惯,所以比较倾向于用JS处理XML格式的数据,当然这也就会造成我后台返回的数据的格式全部为XML的格式,处理起来相对繁琐。
当然我也早就发现Jquery与Json格式的数据结合的非常好,但是一直苦于.NET的对数据转换成Json格式的繁琐,所以一直也没有采用Json格式的数据,或者是在数据相对简单的情况下采用Json格式的数据,其他千篇一律XML,但是今天我分析了一下Jquery对两种数据格式的处理之后,完全改变了心态,并力推大家用Jquery + Json处理后台返回数据。
请看如下比较:
【Jquery + Xml】
如下代码是我查询IPInfo表中前10条数据,并以XML格式输出:
- public void XmlToAjax()
- {
- DataTable dt = SQLHelper.ExecuteDataTable(SQLHelper.conStrings, CommandType.Text, "select top(10) * from IPInfo");
- DataSet ds = new DataSet();
- ds.Tables.Add(dt);
- //Console
- Response.ContentType = "text/xml";
- Response.Charset = "UTF-8";
- Response.Clear();
- Response.Write("<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" ?>\n " + ds.GetXml());
- Response.End();
- }
我在前台接收到数据后进行如下处理:
- function checkText() {
- var xmlT;
- if ($.trim($("#txtID").val()) == "") {
- $("#sm").text("请输入XML条件");
- $("#txtID").focus();
- return false;
- }
- else {
- $("#sm").text("");
- $.ajax({
- type: "GET",
- //contentType: "application/json", //WebService 会返回Json类型
- url: "../Ajax/Ajax1.aspx",
- dataType: "xml",
- data: "", //这里是要传递的参数,格式为 data: "{paraName:paraValue}",下面将会看到
- success: function(result) { //回调函数,result,返回值
- var ID = '';
- $(result).find("Table1").each(function() {
- ID += $(this).children("IPid").text() + "<br>";
- });
- $("#divMsg").html(ID);
- }
- });
- }
- }
下面是输出结果:
result.xml 的结果集为:
- <?xml version="1.0"?>
- <NewDataSet>
- <Table1>
- <IPid>1</IPid>
- <IPFrom>0.0.0.0 </IPFrom>
- <IPTo>0.255.255.255 </IPTo>
- <IPLocation>IANA CZ88.NET</IPLocation>
- <IPToNumber>16777215</IPToNumber>
- <IPFromNumber>0</IPFromNumber>
- </Table1>
- <Table1>
- <IPid>2</IPid>
- <IPFrom>1.0.0.0 </IPFrom>
- <IPTo>1.255.255.255 </IPTo>
- <IPLocation>IANA CZ88.NET</IPLocation>
- <IPToNumber>33554431</IPToNumber>
- <IPFromNumber>16777216</IPFromNumber>
- </Table1>
- <Table1>
- <IPid>3</IPid>
- <IPFrom>2.0.0.0 </IPFrom>
- <IPTo>2.255.255.255 </IPTo>
- <IPLocation>IANA CZ88.NET</IPLocation>
- <IPToNumber>50331647</IPToNumber>
- <IPFromNumber>33554432</IPFromNumber>
- </Table1>
- <Table1>
- <IPid>4</IPid>
- <IPFrom>3.0.0.0 </IPFrom>
- <IPTo>3.255.255.255 </IPTo>
- <IPLocation>美国 新泽西通用电气公司</IPLocation>
- <IPToNumber>67108863</IPToNumber>
- <IPFromNumber>50331648</IPFromNumber>
- </Table1>
- <Table1>
- <IPid>5</IPid>
- <IPFrom>4.0.0.0 </IPFrom>
- <IPTo>4.9.255.255 </IPTo>
- <IPLocation>美国 CZ88.NET</IPLocation>
- <IPToNumber>67764223</IPToNumber>
- <IPFromNumber>67108864</IPFromNumber>
- </Table1>
- <Table1>
- <IPid>6</IPid>
- <IPFrom>4.10.0.0 </IPFrom>
- <IPTo>4.10.255.255 </IPTo>
- <IPLocation>美国 新泽西州立大学</IPLocation>
- <IPToNumber>67829759</IPToNumber>
- <IPFromNumber>67764224</IPFromNumber>
- </Table1>
- <Table1>
- <IPid>7</IPid>
- <IPFrom>4.11.0.0 </IPFrom>
- <IPTo>4.11.255.255 </IPTo>
- <IPLocation>美国 夏威夷</IPLocation>
- <IPToNumber>67895295</IPToNumber>
- <IPFromNumber>67829760</IPFromNumber>
- </Table1>
- <Table1>
- <IPid>8</IPid>
- <IPFrom>4.12.0.0 </IPFrom>
- <IPTo>4.19.77.255 </IPTo>
- <IPLocation>美国 CZ88.NET</IPLocation>
- <IPToNumber>68374015</IPToNumber>
- <IPFromNumber>67895296</IPFromNumber>
- </Table1>
- <Table1>
- <IPid>9</IPid>
- <IPFrom>4.19.78.0 </IPFrom>
- <IPTo>4.19.78.255 </IPTo>
- <IPLocation>美国 西南政法大学</IPLocation>
- <IPToNumber>68374271</IPToNumber>
- <IPFromNumber>68374016</IPFromNumber>
- </Table1>
- <Table1>
- <IPid>10</IPid>
- <IPFrom>4.19.79.0 </IPFrom>
- <IPTo>4.19.79.63 </IPTo>
- <IPLocation>美国 Armed Forces Radio/Television</IPLocation>
- <IPToNumber>68374335</IPToNumber>
- <IPFromNumber>68374272</IPFromNumber>
- </Table1>
- </NewDataSet>
看到这一串代码,那我接下来面对的问题就是去分析这一串代码,取出我所需要的数据,以前一直都是这样处理的(),就像这一段代码:
- $(result).find("Table1").each(function() { ID += $(this).children("IPid").text() + "<br>"; });
是要取出XML中的所有IPid的数据。
(顺便插入一句:因为用Jquery操作XML,所以代码相对比较简洁,如果用JS的话会较之麻烦一些。)
那我们接下来再看看Jquery是如何处理Json格式的数据的:
【Jquery + Json】
在处理之前,首先我们要做一件事,就是将数据库取出的数据转换成Json格式,可能已存在有多种转换方法,这里呢我就先说下自己的Json转换方法:
首先创建一个JsonHelper的类如下:
- using System;
- using System.Collections.Generic;
- using System.Linq;
- using System.Text;
- using System.IO;
- using System.Web;
- using System.Runtime.Serialization.Json;
- namespace LinqModel
- {
- public static class JsonHelper
- {
- /// <summary>
- /// 格式化成Json字符串
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="obj">需要格式化的对象</param>
- /// <returns>Json字符串</returns>
- public static string ToJson(this object obj)
- {
- // 首先,当然是JSON序列化
- DataContractJsonSerializer serializer = new DataContractJsonSerializer(obj.GetType());
- // 定义一个stream用来存发序列化之后的内容
- Stream stream = new MemoryStream();
- serializer.WriteObject(stream, obj);
- // 从头到尾将stream读取成一个字符串形式的数据,并且返回
- stream.Position = 0;
- StreamReader streamReader = new StreamReader(stream);
- return streamReader.ReadToEnd();
- }
- }
- }
当然这里我们需要引用两个DLL文件(System.Runtime.Serialization.Json,System.ServiceModel.Web),当然这里直接添加添加.net引用,找到这两个DLL就OK了,然后我们需要创建一个实体类,以便用泛型操作,代码如下:
- /// <summary>
- /// 实体类IPInfo 。(属性说明自动提取数据库字段的描述信息)
- /// </summary>
- [DataContract]
- public class IPInfo
- {
- public IPInfo()
- { }
- #region Model
- private long _ipid;
- private string _ipfrom;
- private string _ipto;
- private string _iplocation;
- private string _ipcity;
- private string _iptonumber;
- private string _ipfromnumber;
- /// <summary>
- /// Key
- /// </summary>
- [DataMember]
- public long IPid
- {
- set { _ipid = value; }
- get { return _ipid; }
- }
- /// <summary>
- /// 区间开始
- /// </summary>
- [DataMember]
- public string IPFrom
- {
- set { _ipfrom = value; }
- get { return _ipfrom; }
- }
- /// <summary>
- /// 区间结束
- /// </summary>
- [DataMember]
- public string IPTo
- {
- set { _ipto = value; }
- get { return _ipto; }
- }
- /// <summary>
- /// 位置
- /// </summary>
- [DataMember]
- public string IPLocation
- {
- set { _iplocation = value; }
- get { return _iplocation; }
- }
- /// <summary>
- /// 城市
- /// </summary>
- [DataMember]
- public string IPCity
- {
- set { _ipcity = value; }
- get { return _ipcity; }
- }
- /// <summary>
- ///
- /// </summary>
- [DataMember]
- public string IPToNumber
- {
- set { _iptonumber = value; }
- get { return _iptonumber; }
- }
- /// <summary>
- ///
- /// </summary>
- [DataMember]
- public string IPFromNumber
- {
- set { _ipfromnumber = value; }
- get { return _ipfromnumber; }
- }
- #endregion Model
- }
注意:如果要对该类进行序列化,一定要在类前面添加上“[DataContract]”,在属性前面添加上“[DataMember]”,这样才能被“DataContractJsonSerializer”序列化成JSON。
下面我们来看如何调用这个方法转换成Json格式的数据:
- public void JsonToAjax()
- {
- using (SqlDataReader reader = SQLHelper.ExecuteReader(SQLHelper.conStrings, CommandType.Text, "select top(10) * from IPInfo"))
- {
- List<LinqModel.IPInfo> list = new List<LinqModel.IPInfo>();
- while (reader.Read())
- {
- LinqModel.IPInfo model = new LinqModel.IPInfo();
- model.IPCity = reader["IPCity"].ToString();
- model.IPFrom = reader["IPFrom"].ToString();
- model.IPFromNumber = reader["IPFromNumber"].ToString();
- model.IPid = long.Parse(reader["IPid"].ToString());
- model.IPLocation = reader["IPLocation"].ToString();
- model.IPTo = reader["IPTo"].ToString();
- model.IPToNumber = reader["IPToNumber"].ToString();
- list.Add(model);
- }
- //list.ToJson();
- Response.Write(list.ToJson());
- Response.End();
- }
- }
就是如此调用:list.ToJson(),简单吧,下面看一下输出的结果:
- [{"IPCity":"","IPFrom":"0.0.0.0 ","IPFromNumber":"0","IPLocation":"IANA CZ88.NET","IPTo":"0.255.255.255 ","IPToNumber":"16777215","IPid":1},{"IPCity":"","IPFrom":"1.0.0.0 ","IPFromNumber":"16777216","IPLocation":"IANA CZ88.NET","IPTo":"1.255.255.255 ","IPToNumber":"33554431","IPid":2},{"IPCity":"","IPFrom":"2.0.0.0 ","IPFromNumber":"33554432","IPLocation":"IANA CZ88.NET","IPTo":"2.255.255.255 ","IPToNumber":"50331647","IPid":3},{"IPCity":"","IPFrom":"3.0.0.0 ","IPFromNumber":"50331648","IPLocation":"美国 新泽西通用电气公司","IPTo":"3.255.255.255 ","IPToNumber":"67108863","IPid":4},{"IPCity":"","IPFrom":"4.0.0.0 ","IPFromNumber":"67108864","IPLocation":"美国 CZ88.NET","IPTo":"4.9.255.255 ","IPToNumber":"67764223","IPid":5},{"IPCity":"","IPFrom":"4.10.0.0 ","IPFromNumber":"67764224","IPLocation":"美国 新泽西州立大学","IPTo":"4.10.255.255 ","IPToNumber":"67829759","IPid":6},{"IPCity":"","IPFrom":"4.11.0.0 ","IPFromNumber":"67829760","IPLocation":"美国 夏威夷","IPTo":"4.11.255.255 ","IPToNumber":"67895295","IPid":7},{"IPCity":"","IPFrom":"4.12.0.0 ","IPFromNumber":"67895296","IPLocation":"美国 CZ88.NET","IPTo":"4.19.77.255 ","IPToNumber":"68374015","IPid":8},{"IPCity":"","IPFrom":"4.19.78.0 ","IPFromNumber":"68374016","IPLocation":"美国 西南政法大学","IPTo":"4.19.78.255 ","IPToNumber":"68374271","IPid":9},{"IPCity":"","IPFrom":"4.19.79.0 ","IPFromNumber":"68374272","IPLocation":"美国 Armed Forces Radio\/Television","IPTo":"4.19.79.63 ","IPToNumber":"68374335","IPid":10}]
标准的Json格式,呵呵,看了上面的代码,是不是很方便,我想下面的操作就更简单了,看下面的Jquery代码:
- function checkText1() {
- var xmlT;
- if ($.trim($("#txtID1").val()) == "") {
- $("#sm1").text("请输入Json条件");
- $("#txtID1").focus();
- return false;
- }
- else {
- $("#sm1").text("");
- $.ajax({
- type: "GET",
- contentType: "application/json",
- url: "../Ajax/Ajax1.aspx",
- dataType: "json",
- data: "", //这里是要传递的参数,格式为 data: "{paraName:paraValue}",下面将会看到
- success: function(result) { //回调函数,result,返回值
- var aa = '';
- aa += result[1]["IPid"] + "<br>";
- aa += result[1]["IPFrom"] + "<br>";
- aa += result[1]["IPTo"] + "<br>";
- aa += result[1]["IPLocation"] + "<br>";
- aa += result[1]["IPCity"] + "<br>";
- aa += result[1]["IPToNumber"] + "<br>";
- aa += result[1]["IPFromNumber"] + "<br>";
- $("#divMsg").html(aa);
- }
- });
- }
我们再来看一下 result的结果集:
- result
- {...}
- [0]: {...}
- [1]: {...}
- [2]: {...}
- [3]: {...}
- [4]: {...}
- [5]: {...}
- [6]: {...}
- [7]: {...}
- [8]: {...}
- [9]: {...}
- result[0]
- {...}
- IPCity: ""
- IPFrom: "0.0.0.0 "
- IPFromNumber: "0"
- IPid: 1
- IPLocation: "IANA CZ88.NET"
- IPTo: "0.255.255.255 "
- IPToNumber: "16777215"
就像操作一个泛型一样简单,便捷。